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4 participants

    Ravel ... Thelephora ...

    Lepista
    Lepista
    digne de confiance
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    Nombre de messages : 1493
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    Date d'inscription : 06/05/2009

    Ravel ... Thelephora ... Empty Ravel ... Thelephora ...

    Message  Lepista Jeu 30 Mai 2013 - 14:37

    Le long du ravel...en terrain dégagé, bordé de bouleaux, saules...

    Very Happy

    Ravel ... Thelephora ... Dsc01711


    Dernière édition par Lepista le Ven 7 Juin 2013 - 22:41, édité 2 fois
    André
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    Nombre de messages : 1849
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    Date d'inscription : 13/05/2009

    Ravel ... Thelephora ... Empty Re: Ravel ... Thelephora ...

    Message  André Jeu 30 Mai 2013 - 16:32

    T... t... ?
    André
    Lasco
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    Date d'inscription : 05/09/2007

    Ravel ... Thelephora ... Empty Re: Ravel ... Thelephora ...

    Message  Lasco Jeu 30 Mai 2013 - 17:33

    André a écrit:T... t... ?
    André
    ...................je plussoie ! Very Happy
    Lepista
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    Ravel ... Thelephora ... Empty Re: Ravel ... Thelephora ...

    Message  Lepista Jeu 30 Mai 2013 - 20:20

    Facile... Very Happy

    .



    Dernière édition par Lepista le Ven 7 Juin 2013 - 22:41, édité 1 fois
    Gigi
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    Ravel ... Thelephora ... Empty Re: Ravel ... Thelephora ...

    Message  Gigi Ven 7 Juin 2013 - 16:04

    Il me semble que ce pourrait être plutôt Thelephora caryophyllea
    je viens juste de parcourir le forum
    Lepista
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    Ravel ... Thelephora ... Empty Re: Ravel ... Thelephora ...

    Message  Lepista Ven 7 Juin 2013 - 20:48

    Gigi a écrit:Il me semble que ce pourrait être plutôt Thelephora caryophyllea
    je viens juste de parcourir le forum

    Merci Gigi , y a t'il une clé pour les Telephora ...?,??

    Quelle(s) différence(s) entre ces deux espèces ??? pour moi envisager un approfondissement Very Happy


    Dernière édition par Lepista le Ven 7 Juin 2013 - 20:55, édité 1 fois
    Gigi
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    Message  Gigi Ven 7 Juin 2013 - 20:53

    Je regarde ce que j'ai
    Gigi
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    Message  Gigi Ven 7 Juin 2013 - 21:10

    un OCR approximatif, en italien, ça te plaira...
    une description de caryophyllea par Zecchin, spécialiste des Thelephora
    Descrizione dei caratteri macroscopici
    Carpoforo: 1-3 cm di altezza, 0,5-3 cm di larghezza; inizialmente circolare nella for ma tipica, più 0 mena regol aree profondamente imbutiforme,in seguitocon l'orle variamente inciso e appiattito; più raram ente sotto forma di ventagJio, talvolta
    diviso più 0 meno profondamente in lembi lineari stretti, spatoliformi 0 f1abelliformi;ge neralmente con gambo pi ù 0 meno sv iluppato, talvolta assente, liscio 0 tomentoso;di colore bruno,cannella, 0 concolore conl'imenio. Spessosi manifesta con esemplari concrescenti con notevole variabilità morfologica: talvoltacon
    cappello unico eregolare e con gambimultipli;talora con gambo unico dacui sisviluppano più cappelli sovrapposti,soventea spirale;con diversi gambi forniti di cappelli sovrapposti,con forma e diametro variabile,spesso con escrescenze
    con forma irregolare che danno agli stessi un aspetto arruffato. La superficie
    è radialmente fibrillosa, raramente liscia, bruna, bruno -porpora, porpora-nerastra,
    talvolta pi ùchiara nell'or1o,vagamente zonata concentricamente;i carpofori diventano completamente neri in vecchiaia.
    Imenoforo: nella parte inferiore del cappello, liscio o radialmente striato-noduloso,
    violaceo scuro, bruno-violaceo, bruno, più chiara nell'orJo.
    Carne: coriacea, bruna; odore acidulo insignificante.
    Habitat: crescita da giugno a ottobre, dal livello del mare fino a oltre 2600 m. Nel
    Friuli, in condizioni favorevoli è reperibile in numerosissimi esemplari nei greti
    dei torrenti Cellina, Colvera e Meduna, nei comuni di Arba, Claut, Maniago,
    Montereale Valcellina e Vivaro, attorno a cespugli di Salix sp., sia su terreno
    sabbioso nudo che parzialmente coperto da piante erbacee e cuscinetti di muschio
    tipici di questi ambienti.

    désolé pour les fautes résiduelles
    Gigi
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    Message  Gigi Ven 7 Juin 2013 - 21:38

    une clé mondiale des Thelephora par Stalpers

    Thelephora Ehrh.: Fr.
    Syn.: Merisma Pers., Phylacteria Pat., Scyphopilus P. Karst.
    Basidiome annual, effused-reflexed, flabelliform, infundibuliform, merismatoid, clavarioid, sometimes with resupinate parts. Stipe absent, lateral or central. Mycelial pad sometimes present. Abhymenial surface velutinous, tomentose, or strigose, sometimes becoming glabrous with age. Hymenial surface even, warted or papillate with yellowish, pinkish, reddish, brownish, greenish, bluish, purplish, greyish or blackish tinges,
    often cyanescent in KOH. Spore-print cream-coloured to brownish.
    Hyphal strands sometimes present. Hyphal system monomitic. Subicular hyphae subhyaline to brown, thin to thick-walled, smooth or encrusted, rarely inflated. Subhymenial hyphae hyaline to brownish, thin- to thickwalled.
    Clamps present on nearly all septa, rarely absent. Cystidia rarely present. Basidia clavate, with 2B4 sterigmata. Spores subhyaline to brown, globose to ellipsoid, regular, angular or lobed in outline, ornamented, typically with somewhat thickened walls, not amyloid. Giant spores with dimensions about 30% larger than average may be present, presumably originating from 2-spored basidia. Subhymenial hyphae, basidia and/or spores sometimes cyanescent in KOH.
    Substratum: soil-inhabiting, saprophytic, weakly parasitic or ectomycorrhizal, rarely on wood.
    Type species: Thelephora terrestris Ehrh.: Fr.
    References: Corner, 1968. [p. 63]
    1a. Clamps absent. 2
    1b. Clamps present. 3
    2a. Basidiome resupinate. cf. Tomentella fuscocinerea.
    2b. Basidiome effused-reflexed or sessile, flabelliform, imbricate.
    Basidiome soft coriaceous. Pilei small, up to 2.5 cm radius. Abhymenial surface rugose to
    fibrillose, pale drab, pale bistre, cinnamon brown or pinkish buff when dry, blackish when wet.
    Hymenial surface even, purplish brown. Tramal hyphae pale to dark brown, with thickened walls, 3B5 μm wide. Subhymenial hyphae subhyaline, 3-5 μm wide. Spores regular, subglobose to ellipsoid, echinulate, 7-10 x 6.5-9 μm. Hymenium cyanescent in KOH, trama not cyanescent.
    T. cuticularis Berk.
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    3a. Basidiome resupinate, or resupinate with more or less clavarioid excrescences. 4
    3b. No parts of basidiome resupinate. 11
    4a. Spores regular to minutely angular, not lobed. 5
    4b. Spores distinctly angular and often lobed. 8
    5a. Clavarioid processes present. Spores 7-9 x 6.5-8 μm. Cf. T. dentosa under17.
    5b. Clavarioid processes absent. Spores at least on average larger. 6
    6a. Hymenium blackish, bistre drab when dry, blue-green in KOH.
    Basidiome resupinate, encrusting, thick-membranaceous to spongy, sometimes forming short
    tuberculate to applanate, often abortive pilei, dark brown to blackish. Hymenial surface even.
    Margin white to grey. Subicular hyphae 3-6 μm wide, brown, with thickened walls. Subhymenial hyphae 4-7 μm wide, cyanescent. Basidia 45-80(-100) - 9-12 μm. Spores subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, brown, somewhat irregular, not lobed, 9-11(-13) x 7.5-9(-11) μm, cyanescent.
    Associated with angiosperms.
    T. atra Weinm.
    Syn.: Hypochnus schmoranzeri Bres.
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    Note: Thelephora spongiosa Schw. may also belong here, judging from the original description of de Schweinitz (1822), which deviates from Larssen's description (1968) in 'umbrinopurpurascens' and 'hymenio in clavulas porrecto'.
    6b. Hymenium dark brownish, not blue-green on KOH. [p. 64].
    Basidiome resupinate or encrusting, thick-membranaceous to spongy, dark brown to bistre or fuscus-umber. Hymenial surface even to papillate. Margin distinct, white. Subicular hyphae 3-6 μm wide, brown, with thickened walls. Subhymenial hyphae 4-9(-12) μm wide. Basidia (25-)45-80(-120) x 8-12(-15) μm. Spores subglobose to ovoid, brown, regular to somewhat irregular, not lobed, 8-12 x 7-9 μm. Hyphae not cyanescent. T. spiculosa complex. 7
    7a. (6b) Hymenium papillate. Margin woolly-floccose.
    T. crustacea Schum. : Fr.
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    7b. (6b) Hymenium smooth. Margin strigose with subulate, radiating spicules. Associated with gymnosperms.
    T. spiculosa (Fr.) Fr.
    Ref.: Wakefield, 1916; Corner, 1968.
    8a. Hyphal strands present. Resupinate forms of T. terrestris or T. penicillata. 40
    8b. Hyphal strands absent. 9
    9a. Clavarioid processes present. 25
    9b. Clavarioid processes absent.
    Basidiome resupinate, encrusting, thick-membranaceous to spongy, at least 1 mm thick.
    Hymenial surface even. Margin indistinct. Subicular hyphae with 1(-1.5) μm thick walls. Basidia 60-100 x 9-12 μm. Spores echinulate, broadly ellipsoid in outline, lobed, brownish, 8.5-11 x 7-9.5 μm. Hyphae and basidia not cyanescent. T. crassitexta complex. 10
    10a. (9b) Hyphae up to 8(-10) μm wide, not inflated. Hymenium pale purplish brown. Spore
    ornamentation somewhat concrescent. Hymenium may become stratified, basidiome then up to 8 mm thick.
    T. crassitexta Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    10b. (9b) Hyphae up to 5 μm wide. Hymenium dark brown. Spore ornamentation not or hardly
    concrescent. Basidiome up to 2 mm thick.
    T. investiens Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    11a. (3) Cystidia present. Terminally much-branched hyphae present in the trama.
    Basidiome clavarioid to rarely merismatoid, 5-14 cm, branches typically flattened at least at the axils, apices often acute. Hymenium inferior at least in the lower parts, but often amphigenous in the upper parts, even. Hyphae brownish, 2.5-6.5 μm wide. Cystidia subcylindrical or clavate to ventricose, 50-100(-150) x (5-)7-14(-18) μm, often immersed. Basidia [p. 65] (30-)40-80(-100) x 8-12 μm. Spores ellipsoid in outline, irregular to slightly lobed, echinulate, brown, 7-12 x 5-8(-8.5) μm. Only known from South-East Asia. T. ramarioides complex. 12
    11b. Cystidia and terminally much-branched hyphae absent. 14
    12a. (11a) Basidiome purplish brown. Basidia 45-70 μm long. Associated with angiosperms ( Casuarina).
    T. ramarioides D.A. Reid
    Ref.: Reid, 1958; Corner, 1968.
    12b. Basidiome grey to greyish brown. 13
    13a. (11a) Basidia 25B50 μm long. Associated with angiosperms ( Pinus).
    T. ganbajun Zang
    Ref.: Zang 1987.
    13b. (11a) Basidia 75B100 μm long. Associated with gymnosperms ( Araucaria) and angiosperms (Castaneopsis).
    T. robusta Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1976.
    14a Basidiome more or less clavarioid, i.e. centrally stipitate with many relatively narrow, lateral branches, branches cylindrical to flattened. Branching polytomous in the lower parts, often dichotomous in the higher regions, but sometimes spiculose to fimbriate. Hymenium on the terminal branchs often - but not necessarily - amphigenous. 15
    14b. Basidiome not clavarioid, but sessile dimidiate, spathulate, flabellate to infundibuliform, sometimes imbricate along a central stem or pleuropodal, never with cylindrical branches. Hymenium unilateral, inferior. 34
    15a. Spores regular to subangular.
    Basidiome clavarioid, branches typically flattened, polychotomous at the lower branches,
    dichotomous in the upper parts, apices often acute. Hymenium inferior at least in the lower parts, but often amphigenous in the upper parts, even. Hyphae brownish, 2.5-6(-7) μm wide. Spores subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, echinulate, brown, (6.5-)7-9(-9.5) x (4.5-)6-8 μm. T. dentosa complex. 16
    15b. Spores angular to lobed. 19
    16a. (15a) Basidiome up to 9.5 cm high. Spores short-echinulate, spines up to 0.5 μm long. Not cyanescent.
    Abhymenial surface tomentose to villose, yellowish brown to cinnamon brown. Hymenium dark
    brown.
    T. borneensis Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1976. [p. 66].
    16b. Basidiome up to 5 cm high. Spores echinulate, spines larger. Hymenium slightly to distinctly cyanescent. 17
    17a. (15a) Basidiome encrusting, developing narrowly clavarioid, spathulate processes, often with subulate lobes.
    Hymenium dark brown with purplish tinge. Spores echinulate, spines up to 1 μm long.
    T. dentosa Berk. & M.A. Curtis
    Syn.: T. perplexa Burt
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    17b. Basidiome clavarioid without resupinate, encrusting parts. 18
    18a. (15a) Basidiome clavarioid, with narrow (1-2 mm) branches. Abhymenial surface purplish brown.
    Spores echinulate, spines up to 1.5 μm long.
    T. paraguayensis Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    18b. (15a) Basidiome palmate, with broader (2-5 mm) branches. Abhymenial surface yellowish to ochraceous. Spores echinulate, spines up to 1 μm long.
    T. cervicornis Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    19a. Subhymenium and trama with inflated cells. Trama fleshy.
    Basidiome clavarioid, fleshy, up to 4 cm high, with cylindrical branches. Hymenial surface purplish brown. Hyphae with inflated cells, 3-15 μm wide. Basidia 14-28 x 5-7 μm. Spores irregular to lobed, brown, 6-7 x 4-5 μm, with rather coarse warts. Not cyanescent. On soil and wood.
    T. fragilis Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    19b. No inflated cells in hymenium and subhymenium. Trama coriaceous. 20
    20a. Spores strongly echinulate, spines up to 1.5(-2) μm long. 21
    20b. Spores warted to echinulate, spines up to 0.5(-1) μm long. 27
    21a. Spores 6-8.5 μm long. 22
    21b. Spores at least on average longer than 8 μm. 24
    22a. Basidiome up to 10 cm high and 16 cm wide, caespitose to solitary, strongly branched, dark brown; branches cylindrical to slightly compressed. All parts cyanescent.
    Hyphae 3-6 μm wide, agglutinated in the central parts. Spores echinulate, lobed, 7.5-8.5 x 6-7 μm, spines up to 1.5 μm long.
    T. alta Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968. [p. 67].
    22b. Basidiome up 5 cm high and 3 cm wide, gregarious, vinaceous brown to greyish brown, much paler when dry; branches typically flattened. Not cyanescent, or hymenium only slightly.
    Abhymenial surface tomentose to strigose. Hyphae 2.5-5 μm wide, some thick-walled. Spores
    lobed, 6-8 x 5-6.5 μm. Associated with angiosperms. T. multipartita complex. 23
    23a. (22b) Stem and basal part of branches covered with spiculose excrescenses.
    T. scissilis Burt
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    23b. (22b) Basal parts strigose, but no spiculose excrescences.
    T. multipartita Schw.: Fr.
    Ref.: Corner, 1968 (sub T. regularis var. multipartita); Imazeki et al. , 1988.
    24a. Hyphal strands present. Resupinate part typically present. Basidiome not typically clavarioid, but a fimbriate, short, much-branched structure.
    Basidiome resupinate, forming subulate to spathulate structures, which are much-branched and apically cristate to fimbriate, rarely clavarioid, up to 3 cm high. Abhymenial parts strigose, pale brown to purplish brown. Hymenial surface even to rugulose. Margin fimbriate to spiculose, whitish. Hyphae 3-7.5 μm wide, locally up to 15 μm. Basidia 30-75 x 7-11 μm. Spores irregular to usually lobed, brown, echinulate, 7-10 x 5-7(-Cool μm. Associated with angiosperms and gymnosperms.
    T. penicillata Fr. : Fr.
    Syn.: Thelephora fimbriata Schw., ? T. caespitulans Schw., T. scoparia Peck, T. cladoniaeformis Vel.
    Ref.: Corner, 1968; Moser & Jülich.
    24b. Hyphal strands and resupinate part absent. Basidiome clavarioid and stipitate.
    Basidiome with typically flattened branches (but cf. T. cylindrica), branching dicho- or often polytomous, forming dense tufts, up to 10 cm high and 5 cm wide. Abhymenial surface
    tomentose. Hymenial surface purplish brown. Hyphae 2.5-7(-9) μm wide, pale brown. Basidia 40-90(-110) x (7-)8-12(-14) μm. Spores lobed, brown, echinulate, (7-)8-11(-12) x (6-)6.5-9 μm, spines up to 1.5 μm long. T. palmata complex. 25
    25a. (9, 24) (24b) Odour not foetid. Trama not cyanescent in KOH, hymenium sometimes slightly.
    Branches cylindrical. Associated with angiosperms, more rarely with gymnosperms.
    T. anthocephala Fr. : Fr.
    Syn.: T. clavularis Fr.; T. digitata Fr.
    Ref.: Corner, 1968; Breitenbach & Kränzlin, 1986.
    25b. Odour foetid. Trama cyanescent in KOH [p. 68]. 26
    26a. (24b) Branches flattened, obtuse. Basidia 60-100 x 9-12 μm. Associated with gymnosperms.
    T. palmata Fr.: Fr.
    Syn.: T. diffusa (Fr.) Fr.; Merisma foetidum Pers.
    Ref.: Corner, 1968; Breitenbach & Kränzlin, 1986; Imazeki et al. , 1988; Moser & Jülich.
    26b. (24b) Branches cylindrical, acute. Basidia 80-110 x 11-14 μm. Associated with angiosperms.
    T. cylindrica Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    27a. (20) Spores up to 8(-9) μm long.
    Basidiome clavarioid to much-branched, coriaceous to fleshy-coriaceous, up to 6(-7) cm long, with branches varying from rather narrow to rather broad and applanate, sometimes with an unbranched basal stipe, bust sometimes densely branched from the base, apices often spiculose to fimbriate; gregarious. Abhymenial surface tomentose to often fibrillose. Hymenial surface 28
    typically purplish brown when fresh. Hyphae 2B5(B6) μm wide. Basidia 35-50(-60) x 6-7.5 μm.
    Spores brown, lobed, shortly and sparsely echinulate, 5-8(-9) x 4.5-6(-7) μm, spines rarely exceeding 0.5 μm. T. fuscella complex.
    27b. Spores at least 8 μm long, on average 9 μm or more. 33
    28a. Trama strongly cyanescent in KOH. 29
    28b. Trama not or hardly cyanescent. 31
    29a. (20a) Basidiome with a relatively narrow, smooth stipe, not pleuropodal.
    T. gelidioides Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    29b. Basidiome with a relatively firm and often tomentose-strigose stipe, much branched at the very base. 30
    30a. (20a) Spores 6-8 x 4.5-6 μm, with very short spines (<0.5 μm).
    T. fuscella Lloyd
    Syn.: T. soluta Lloyd
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    30b. (20a) Spores 7-9 x 5.5-8 μm, with spines 0.5-1 μm.
    T. fucoides Corner.
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    31a. (20a) Hymenium papillate.
    T. phyllophoroides Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968. [p. 69].
    31b. Hymenium not papillate. 32
    32a. (20a) Basidiome with relatively broad branches, hymenium inferior; stipe somewhat tomentose.
    Foetid when dry.
    T. cervina Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    32b. (20a) Basidiome at least apically with more or less cylindrical branches, truly clavarioid, and then
    hymenium amphigenous; stipe smooth. Odour absent when dry.
    T. arbuscula Corner
    Syn.: ? T. dactylites Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    33a. (27) Hymenium amphigenous.
    Basidiome clavarioid, coriaceous, up to 4 cm long. Abhymenial surface dark purplish brown.
    Hymenial surface smooth, purplish brown. Hyphae 2-6 μm wide. Basidia 30-45 x 7-8 μm. Spores brown, lobed, shortly and sparsely echinulate, 8.5-11(-12) x 5.5-7 μm, spines up to 0.5 μm long.
    T. congesta Berk.
    Syn.: ? T. zeylanica Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    33b. Hymenium unilateral, inferior. Cf. T. robustus under 13b.
    34a. (14) Hyphal strands present in basidiome. 35
    34b. Hyphal strands absent. 41
    35a. Spores regular to subangular. Trama cyanescent in KOH. 36
    35b. Spores angular to lobed. Trama not cyanescent in KOH. 37
    36a. Basidiome stipitate-discoid, pendent.
    Stipe consisting of hyphal strands.
    Basidiome up to 3 cm broad, stipe up to 1 cm long. Abhymenial surface strigose, greyish brown.
    Hymenial surface smooth, purplish brown. Margin fimbriate. Hyphal strands present, forming a net which holds the web of the thin trama together. Hyphae 3-6 μm wide. Basidia 40-50 x 10-12 μm. Spores regular to irregular, not lobed, echinulate, brown, 8-10 x 7-8 μm, spines 1-1.5 μm long. Hymenium cyanescent.
    T. pendens Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    36b. Basidiome effused-reflexed to dimidiate.
    Basidiomes dimidiate, imbricate, often encrusting on stems and then effused-reflexed, up to 7 cm wide. Abhymenial surface strigose, greyish brown, somewhat zonate. Hymenial surface smooth, purplish brown. Margin strigose, greyish white. Hyphal strands abundant. Hyphae 3-6 μm wide. [p. 70] Basidia 50-60 x 12-14 μm. Spores regular to irregular, rarely slightly lobed, echinulate, brown, 9-11.5 x 7-9 μm, spines up to 1 μm long. Hymenium cyanescent.
    T. pseudoterrestris Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    37a. Spores 6.5-8 x 4.5-6.5 μm.
    Basidiomes flabellate, caespitose, up to 3 cm wide, stipe up to 1 cm long. Abhymenial surface tomentose to strigose, pale vinaceous brown when dry. Hymenial surface smooth, rarely with some papillae, purplish brown. Hyphal strands present. Hyphae 3-10 μm wide. Basidia 40-80 x 8-12 μm. Spores irregular to lobed, echinulate, brown, spines up to 1 μm long. No part cyanescent.
    T. americana Lloyd
    Syn.: ? T. tenuis Burt
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    37b. Spores at least 8 μm long.
    Basidiome stipitate to sessile, rarely resupinate, dimidiate to infundibuliform, imbricate or effused reflexed when encrusting, pileus up to 6 cm wide. Abhymenial surface tomentose to strigose, sometimes squamulose. Hyphal strands present. Hymenial surface smooth to papillose. Basidia 40-90 x 9-13 μm. Spores lobed, echinulate, brown, 8-12 x 6-9 μm. No parts cyanescent. 38
    38a. (37b) Hymenial surface pale brown to cinnamon-buff, smooth. Abhymenial surface cinnamon-buff.
    Hyphae 3-6(-7) μm wide. Spores echinulate, 8.5-10.5(-11) x 6-8.5 μm, spines up to 1.5 μm long.
    T. albidobrunnea Schw.
    Syn.: Stereum micheneri Berk. & M.A. Curtis, S. spongiosum Massee, T. odorifera Peck
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    38b. Hymenial surface purplish brown, purplish or dark brown, often papillate. Abhymenial surface typically darker. 39
    39a. Ornamentation of spores up to 1.5 μm long. Irregular cristate, penicillate or fimbriate excrescences typically present. Cf. T. penicillata under 24a.
    39b. Ornamentation of spores up to 0.5(B1) μm long. T. terrestris complex. 40
    40a. (8, 37) Margin even, never fimbriate. Abhymenial surface tomentose, more rarely with adnate fibrillose scales. Associated with gymnosperms.
    T. mollissima Pers. : Fr.
    Syn.: T. intybacea Pers. : Fr.
    Ref.: Corner, 1968. [p. 71]
    Note: both names are sanctioned by Fries (1821), but he commented upon T. intybacea as 'species dubia'. Hence T. mollissima is the preferred name.
    40b. Margin fimbriate. Abhymenial surface fibrillose, strigose or rugose. Associated with gymnosperms, rarely angiosperms.
    T. terrestris Ehrh. : Fr.
    Syn.: T. laciniata Fr., T. griseozonata Cooke, T. minor Vel., T. rhipidium Vel.; T. crustosa Lloyd
    Ref.: Talbot 1958; Corner, 1968; Breitenbach & Kränzlin, 1986; Imazeki et al. , 1988; Moser & Jülich.
    41a. (34) Spores on average at least 9 μm long. Hymenium smooth. 42
    41b. Spores up to 8.5(-9) μm long and/or hymenium papillate. 46
    42a. Abhymenial surface fawn brown.
    Basidiome flabelliform to infundibuliform, up to 6 cm high, fibrous, sometimes with new pilei developing from the basal or central parts. Abhymenial surface nearly smooth (tomentose or fibrillose when young?). Hymenial surface fuscous-purple when dry. Hyphae 3-6 μm wide, walls up to 1 μm thick. Basidia 50-70 x 7-10 μm. Spores lobed, echinulate, pale brown, 7.5-11 x 6-8.5 μm, spines up to 0.5 μm long. Subhymenium cyanescent, trama not.
    T. brunneoviolacea Beeli
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    42b. Abhymenial surface darker, grey to fuligineous, becoming nearly black when old. 43
    43a. Basidiome more or less centrally stipitate, often with new pilei developing from the centre.
    Basidiome infundibuliform, up to 9 cm high, soft coriaceous. Abhymenial surface appressed
    fibrillose. Hymenial surface purplish black when dry. Margin paler. Hyphae 3-6 μm wide, walls up to 1 μm thick. Basidia 60-75 x 8-10 μm. Spores lobed, echinulate, brown, 9-12 x 7-9 μm, spines up to 1 μm long. Subhymenium and trama cyanescent.
    T. magnifica Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    43b. Basidiome laterally stipitate to sessile. 44
    44a. Margin yellow. Spores irregular to slightly lobed.
    Basidiome spathulate to flabelliform, up to 6 cm high, soft. Abhymenial surface nearly smooth (tomentose or fibrillose when young?). Hymenial surface blackish grey. Hyphae 3-6 μm wide, walls hardly thickened. Basidia 45-75 x 8-13 μm. Spores echinulate, pale brown, 8-13 x 6.5-9 μm, [p. 72] spines up to 1(-2) μm long. Subhymenium slightly cyanescent, trama not. Associated with angiosperms, rarely with gymnosperms.
    T. atrocitrina Quélet
    Syn.: ? T. uliginosa Boud.
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    44b. Margin whitish to grey. Spores strongly lobed.
    Basidiome spathulate to flabelliform, imbricate, up to 6(-10) cm high, soft. Hymenial surface fuscous fuligineous to greyish fuligineous. Hyphae 3-6 μm wide. Basidia 45-60 x 9-12 μm. Spores echinulate, brown, 8-12(-13.5) x (6-)6.5-10 μm. Subhymenium cyanescent. T. cerberea complex. 45
    45a. (44b) Thick-walled hyphae (walls up to 2 μm thick) present. Trama cyanescent in KOH. Spores
    echinulate, spines up to 1 μm long.
    T. cerberea Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    45b. (44b) Thick-walled hyphae absent (wall up to 0.5 μm thick). Trama hardly cyanescent in KOH.
    Spores minutely echinulate, spines up to 0.5 μm long.
    T. erebia Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    46a. (41) Spores echinulate and hymenium warted to papillate.
    Basidiome spathulate to flabelliform, up to 10 cm high, subcoriaceous when fresh. Abhymenial
    surface tomentose to strigose when young, becoming smooth, greyish at first, becoming pale brown to fuligineous. Hymenial surface fuligineous to greyish fuligineous, more yellowish towards the margin. Hyphae 2-5 μm wide, some thick-walled. Basidia 40-80 x (6-)7-10 μm. Spores echinulate, brown, (6-)7-10 x (5.5-)6-9 μm. Not or slightly cyanescent.
    T. japonica Yasuda ex Lloyd
    Syn.: T. gelatinoidea Lloyd, Hydnum nauseofoetidum Teng
    Ref.: Reid, 1962; Corner, 1968.
    46b. Spores warted or hymenium smooth. 47
    47a. Spores echinulate, spines up to 1(-1.5) μm long. Basidiome infundibuliform, entire or lobed, centrally stipitate and stipe 0.5-2 cm long, rarely flabelliform. Hymenium smooth.
    Basidiome infundibuliform, sometimes divided into a small number of deep lobes, sometimes with new pilei developing from the centre, up to 4 cm high, coriaceous, sometimes arising from mycelial pad. Abhymenial surface tomentose to appressed fibrillose, becoming more or less smooth with age. Margin paler. Hyphae 2.5-5(-Cool μm wide, walls up to 1 μm thick. Basidia 40-65(-90) x 7-10(-12) μm. Spores lobed, echinulate, [p. 73] brown, 6-8(-8.5) x 4.5-7 μm, spines up to 1.5 μm long. Subhymenium more or less cyanescent, trama not. T. caryophyllea complex. 48
    47b. Spores warted. Basidiome more or less flabelliform or spathulate to merismatoid, pleuropodal or stipe short and multi-pileate when central. Hymenium sometimes smooth when young, but typically becoming papillate.
    Basidiome entire or margin lobed, up to 11 cm high, coriaceous. Abhymenial surface tomentose to fibrillose, becoming more or less smooth with age. Margin paler. Hyphae 2-5(-7) μm wide.
    Basidia 30-55 x 6.5-9(-10) μm. Odour often distinct, sometimes of fenugreek. Subhymenium and trama not or slightly cyanescent. T. vialis complex. 49
    48a. (47a) Stipe smooth, rarely subtomentose. Abhymenial surface fuscous to purplish brown.
    Associated with gymnosperms.
    T. caryophyllea (Schaeffer : Fr.) Fr.
    Syn.: Clavaria flabellaris Batsch : Fr., T. strigosa Fr., T. radiata Fr., T. ambigua Pers., T. convoluta Vel.
    Ref.: Corner, 1968.
    48b. (47a) Stipe tomentose, arising from mycelial pad. Abhymenial surface reddish brown to buff or pale ochraceous. Associated with angiosperms.
    T. regularis Schw.
    Ref.: Reid 1962; Corner, 1968.
    49a. (47b) Spores olive buff in mass, 4.5-7.5(-Cool x 4.5-6.5 μm.
    Abhymenial surface greyish to pale yellow, becoming pale dull brown. Hymenial surface pale yellowish to grey brown. Associated with angiosperms.
    T. vialis Schw.
    Syn.: T. lutosa Schw., T. tephroleuca Berk. & M.A. Curtis, T. papillosa Lloyd
    Ref.: Reid, 1962; Corner, 1968.
    49b. Spores fuscous to vinaceous in mass, 6-9 x 5-8 μm. 50
    50a. (47b) Abhymenial and hymenial surface with orange tinges.
    T. aurantiotincta Corner
    Ref.: Corner, 1968; Imazeki et al. , 1988.
    50b. (47b) Abhymenial surface yellowish grey to olivaceous grey, dark grey when wet. Hymenial surface grey to vinaceous.
    T. nigricans Stalpers
    Syn.: Thelephora nigrescens Bres. [non Th. nigrescens Schrader]; ? Phylacteria varians Pat.
    Ref.: Corner, 1968

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